Includes historical data for Syria’s Gross Domestic Product growth, debt-to-GDP ratio and more, as well as information on trade, banking and financial sector leadership.
Economy Wrecked By A Decade Of War
Ruled by the Assad family since 1970 until the regime’s collapse in late 2024, Syria experienced a protracted civil war between the former government led by president Bashar al-Assad and a variety of opposition groups. As a result, more than half of the pre-conflict population 21 million was displaced, either within the country or as refugees, while the GDP saw a decline of more than 50% from 2010 to 2020.
Amid widespread destruction of infrastructure, the situation has been exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic, international sanctions, and significant capital flight as Syrians moved their money abroad.
Looking ahead, the new transitional government led by former rebel leader Ahmed al-Sharaa has pledged a five-year path toward full democratic governance, punctuated by the first post-Assad parliamentary elections held in October 2025.
Macroeconomy & Sovereign Data
| Type of Government | Presidential republic |
|---|---|
| Capital | Damascus |
| Sovereign Ratings |
S&P: Not rated Moody’s: Not rated Fitch Ratings: Not rated |
| Total Population | 21.4 Million |
| Median Age | 23.3 |
| Adult Per Capita Income (PPP) | 6,929.86 |
| Total GDP (2025) | N/A |
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Trade & Investment
| Total Exports | USD 3.34 billion (2024) |
|---|---|
| Leading Exports |
Pure Olive Oil Nuts Phosphates Cotton Garments |
| Total Imports | USD 6.28 billion (2024) |
| Leading Imports |
Tobacco Plastics Wheat Seed Oils Plastic Products |
| Source: | World Integrated Trade Solution |
Syria Leading Companies
| Syrian Petroleum Company | Oil & Gas Exploration & Production |
|---|---|
| Commercial Bank of Syria | Financials |
| Real Estate Bank | Financials |
| Syriatel | Telecommunication Services |
| Cham Group | Conglomerate, Real Estate, Financials, Hospitality |
| Omran | Materials, Building Products |
| Syrian Airlines | Airlines |
Global Finance Rankings & Awards
Data Sources:
UN World Population Prospects
World Inequality Report
S&P Global Ratings
Moody’s
Fitch Ratings
IMF Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS)
UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
CIA The World Factbook
World Bank’s World Integrated Trade Solution
Forbes Global 2000