Source
Central bank

Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina

International Reserves

USD 8.71 billion (2020)
World Bank, last updated 12/16/2021

Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 21.69 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

USD 53.19 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Real GDP growth
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
3.1% 3.2% 3.7% 2.8% –4.3%

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 6,647.83 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP per capita - PPP

USD 16,301.58 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (PPP) - share of world total

0.04% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 5.9% 
  • industry: 24.5% 
  • services: 54.9%

(2018 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

N/A

 

Inflation
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
0.8% 1.4% 0.6% –1.1% 1.8%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
20.5% 18.4% 15.7% 15.9% 15.8%

*Estimate

Household saving rates

N/A

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
39.2% 34.3% 32.5% 36.7% 38.9%

*Estimate

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
2.6% 2.4% 2.1% –3.4% –2.5%

*Estimate

Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: B

Moody's: B3Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)

Market value of publicly traded shares

N/A

Largest companies

N/A

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD -0.84 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

-3.9% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

34.5% (2020)

Shares in world total merchandising export

0.03% (2020)

Shares in world total commercial services export

0.03% (2020)

Total exports

USD 6.8 billion (2020 estimate)

Export commodities

Electricity, seating, leather shoes, furniture, insulated wiring (2019)

Total imports

USD 9.7 billion (2020 estimate)

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Refined petroleum, cars, packaged medicines, coal, electricity (2019)

Exports - major partners

Germany 14%, Italy 12%, Croatia 11%, Serbia 11%, Austria 9%, Slovenia 8% (2019)

Imports - major partners

Croatia 15%, Serbia 13%, Germany 10%, Italy 9%, Slovenia 7%, China 6% (2019)

FDI inflows
2018 2019 2020
USD 574 million USD 400 million USD 371 million
FDI outflows
2018 2019 2020
USD –24 million USD 3.3 million USD –5.1 million
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )

Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking:

90 out of 190 countries

Subcategories:

Starting a Business: 184 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 173 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 74 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 96 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 67 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 88 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 141 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 27 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 93 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 37 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2020

Global competitiveness ranking

92 out of 141 (2019)

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 68 / Score: 63.4 (Moderately Free)
The Heritage Foundation - 2022 Index of Economic Freedom

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC+1

Total area

51,197 sq km

Capital

Sarajevo 

Currency

Konvertibilna markas (BAM)

Government type

Parliamentary republic

Languages

Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)

Religions

Muslim 50.7%, Orthodox 30.7%, Roman Catholic 15.2%, atheist 0.8%, agnostic 0.3%, other 1.2%, undeclared/no answer 1.1% (2013 est.)

Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020*
N/A 3.77 million 3.72 million 3.54 million 3.5 million

*Estimate

 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2018
19% 35.5% 42.4% 48.2%
Population median age

42.5 years

Population growth rate

-0.17% (2018 estimate)

Life expectancy

77.1 years (2018 estimate)

Literacy

Total population: 98.5% 
Male: 99.5% 
Female: 97.5%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

0.8% (last available estimate, 2011)

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

33 (last available estimate, 2011)

(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)

Freedom House rating

Partly Free
Political Rights: 4
Civil Liberties: 4 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 19.6%

Mobile: 104.1%

(2018)

(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

70.12 % (2018)

Mercer Cost of living index

Sarajevo: 194th (2019)

CO2 emissions

6.38 metric tons per capita (2014)

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