Balkan Spring
Even with investor and public worries about corruption, the dynamic Balkan economies offer opportunities with the promise of EU membership.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Country Report 2017 - Includes Bosnia and Herzegovina real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Bosnia and Herzegovina economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of the country best banks and safest banks are also available.
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International Reserves
USD 6.8 billion (2018)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved October 2019
Gross Domestic Product - GDP
USD 19.9 billion (2018, estimate)
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
Intl$ 47.3 billion (2018, estimate)
Real GDP growth
| 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
| 6% | 5.6% | -0.8% | 0.8% | 0.9% | -0.7% | 2.4% |
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017* | 2018* | ||
| 1.2% | 3.1% | 3.2% | 3% | 3.1% |
*Estimate
GDP (PPP) - share of world total
| 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2019* |
| N/A | N/A | 0.04% | 0.04% | 0.04% |
*Estimate
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GDP - composition by sector
- agriculture: 6%
- industry: 23.6%
- services: 55.6%
(2018 estimate)
Inflation
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| -1% | -1.6% | 0.8% | 1.4% | 1.1% |
*Estimate
Unemployment rate
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 27.7% | 25.4% |
20.5% |
18.4% | 18% |
*Estimate
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 45.5% | 44.1% | 39.2% | 34.3% | 33.3% |
*Estimate
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| -0.2% | 0.3% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.3% |
*Estimate
Government bond ratings
Standard & Poor's: B
Moody's: B3
Standard & Poor's / Moody's
Source
Market value of publicly traded shares
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| N/A | N/A | N/A |
Source
Current account balance by percentage of GDP
-6.0% (2017 estimate)
Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)
33.9% (2014)
Shares in world total merchandising export
0.03% (2015)
Shares in world total commercial services export
0.03% (2015)
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Import commodities
Machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
Exports - major partners
Slovenia 16.5%, Italy 15.9%, Germany 12.1%, Croatia 11.5%, Austria 11.1%, Turkey 5.2% (2015)
Imports - major partners
Croatia 19.3%, Germany 13.9%, Slovenia 13.8%, Italy 10.9%, Austria 5.7%, Hungary 5.2%, Turkey 4.5% (2015)
FDI inflows
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| USD 302 million | USD 502 million | USD 249 million |
FDI outflows
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| USD 42 million | USD 15 million | USD 21 million |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| USD 1.3 million | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014
N/A
(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015
N/A
(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )
Best countries for doing business
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking: 81 out of 190 countries (2016)
Subcategories:
Starting a business: 174 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 64 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 99 out of 190 countries
Getting credit: 44 out of 190 countries
Protecting investors: 81 out of 190 countries
Trading across border: 36 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 133 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 170 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 123 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 41 out of 190 countries
Source
Global competitiveness ranking
107 out of 138 countries
(2016-2017)
Index of Economic Freedom
Ranking: 108 / Score: 58.63 (Mostly unfree) (2017)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
Source
Source
Languages
Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)
Religions
Muslim 50.7%, Orthodox 30.7%, Roman Catholic 15.2%, atheist 0.8%, agnostic 0.3%, other 1.2%, undeclared/no answer 1.1% (2013 est.)
Total population
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2016* | 2021* |
| N/A | 3.781 million | 3.897 million | 3.854 million | 3.811 million |
*Estimate
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Urban population as % of total population
| 1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2015 |
| 19% | 36% | 39% | 40% |
Literacy
Total population: 98.5%
Male: 99.5%
Female: 97.5% (2015 est.)
(age 15 and over can read and write)
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day
0.1% (2011)
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)
33.8 (2011)
(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)
Source
Freedom House rating
Political Rights: 4
Civil Liberties: 4 (2017)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population
Fixed 20.23% Mobile 90.15% (2015)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)