Colombia On The Upswing
Colombia needs foreign investors and has many advantages to offer.
Colombia GDP and Economic Data
Includes Colombia real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Colombia economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Colombia best banks and safest banks are also available.
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International Reserves
USD 47.9 billion (2018)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved October 2019
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
Intl$ 744.7 billion (2018, estimate)
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Real GDP growth
| 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
| 6.8% | 3.3% | 1.2% | 4.3% | 7.4% | 3.9% | 4.6% |
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017* | 2018* | ||
| 4.7% | 3% | 2.1% | 1.4% | 2.7% |
*Estimate
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GDP (PPP) - share of world total
| 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2019* |
| 0.62% | 0.63% | 0.55% | 0.56% | 0.55% |
*Estimate
Source
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GDP - composition by sector
- agriculture: 6.3%
- industry: 26.6%
- services: 57.8%
(2018 estimate)
Inflation
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 5% | 7.5% | 4.3% | 3.2% | 3.6% |
*Estimate
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Unemployment rate
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 8.9% | 9.2% | 9.4% | 9.7% | 9.7% |
*Estimate
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Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 50.4% | 49.8% | 49.5% | 52.2% | 51% |
*Estimate
Source
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| -3.5% | -2.4% | -2.6% | -2.7% | -1.7% |
*Estimate
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Government bond ratings
Standard & Poor's: BBB-
Moody's: Baa2
Standard & Poor's / Moody's
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Market value of publicly traded shares
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 103.8 billion | USD 121.5 billion | USD 103.8 billion |
Largest companies
Ecopetrol, Grupo Aval, Bancolombia, Banco Davivienda, Grupo Bolivar, Grupo De Inversiones Suramericana
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Current account balance by percentage of GDP
-4.0 % (2018 estimate)
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Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)
15.9% (2018)
Shares in world total merchandising export
0.21% (2018)
Shares in world total commercial services export
0.16% (2018)
Export commodities
Petroleum, coal, emeralds, coffee, nickel, cut flowers, bananas, apparel
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Import commodities
Industrial equipment, transportation equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, electricity
Exports - major partners
US 28.5%, Panama 8.6%, China 5.1% (2017)
Imports - major partners
US 26.3%, China 19.3%, Mexico 7.5%, Brazil 5%, Germany 4.1% (2017)
FDI inflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 13,850 million |
USD 13,836 million |
USD 11,010 million |
FDI outflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 4,517 million | USD 3,690 million | USD 5,122 million |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 2,033 million | USD 1,311 million | USD 314 million | USD 35 million |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014
N/A
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015
N/A
Best countries for doing business
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking:
67 out of 190 countries
Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 95 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 89 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 82 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 62 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 11 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 13 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 148 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 133 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 177 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 32 out of 190 countries
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Global competitiveness ranking
57 out of 141 countries
(2019)
Index of Economic Freedom
Ranking: 49 / Score: 67.3 (Moderately free)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
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Religions
Roman Catholic 79%, Protestant 14% (includes Pentecostal 6%, mainline Protestant 2%, other 6%), other 2%, unspecified 5% (2014 est.)
Total population
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020* |
| 34.13 million | 40.3 million | 45.51 million | 48.2 million | 50.89 million |
*Estimate
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Urban population as % of total population
| 1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2018 |
| 46.3% | 63.7% | 74% | 80.8% |
Literacy
Total population: 94.7%
Male: 94.4%
Female: 94.9%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2016 est.)
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day
10.8% (last available estimate, 2017)
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)
49.7 (last available estimate, 2017)
Source
Freedom House rating
Partly Free
Political Rights: 3
Civil Liberties: 3 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
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Total telephone subscribers as % of population
Fixed: 14%
Mobile: 129.9%
(2018)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)