Source
Central bank

Bank of the Republic, Colombia

International Reserves

USD 47.9 billion (2018)

International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved October 2019

Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 333.1 billion (2018, estimate)

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Intl$ 744.7 billion (2018, estimate)

Real GDP growth
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
6.8% 3.3% 1.2% 4.3% 7.4% 3.9% 4.6%
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*    
4.7% 3% 2.1% 1.4% 2.7%    

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 6,684.4 (2018, estimate)

GDP per capita - PPP

Intl$ 14,943.5 (2018, estimate)

GDP (PPP) - share of world total
1980 1990 2000 2010 2019*
0.62% 0.63% 0.55% 0.56% 0.55%

*Estimate

 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 6.3% 
  • industry: 26.6% 
  • services: 57.8%

(2018 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

N/A

Inflation
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
5% 7.5% 4.3% 3.2% 3.6%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
8.9% 9.2% 9.4% 9.7% 9.7%

*Estimate

Household saving rates

N/A

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
50.4% 49.8% 49.5% 52.2% 51%

*Estimate

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
-3.5% -2.4% -2.6% -2.7% -1.7%

*Estimate

Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: BBB-

Moody's: Baa2

Standard & Poor's / Moody's 

Market value of publicly traded shares
2016 2017 2018
USD 103.8 billion USD 121.5 billion USD 103.8 billion
Largest companies

Ecopetrol, Grupo Aval, Bancolombia, Banco Davivienda, Grupo Bolivar, Grupo De Inversiones Suramericana

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD -13.1 billion (2018 estimate)

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

-4.0 % (2018 estimate)

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

15.9% (2018)

Shares in world total merchandising export

0.21% (2018)

Shares in world total commercial services export

0.16% (2018)

Total exports

USD 53.7 billion (2018 estimate)

Export commodities

Petroleum, coal, emeralds, coffee, nickel, cut flowers, bananas, apparel

Total imports

USD 62.9 billion (2018 estimate)

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Industrial equipment, transportation equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, paper products, fuels, electricity

Exports - major partners

US 28.5%, Panama 8.6%, China 5.1% (2017)

Imports - major partners

US 26.3%, China 19.3%, Mexico 7.5%, Brazil 5%, Germany 4.1% (2017)

FDI inflows
2016 2017 2018
USD 13,850 million

USD 13,836 million

USD 11,010 million
FDI outflows
2016 2017 2018
​USD 4,517 million USD 3,690 million USD 5,122 million
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
2015 2016 2017 2018
USD 2,033 million USD 1,311 million USD 314 million USD 35 million
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking:

67 out of 190 countries

​Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 95 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 89 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 82 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 62 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 11 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 13 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 148 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 133 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 177 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 32 out of 190 countries

Global competitiveness ranking

57 out of 141 countries

(2019)

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 49 / Score: 67.3 (Moderately free)

(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC-5

Total area

1,138,910 sq km

Capital

Bogota

Currency

Colombian pesos (COP)

Government type

Presidential republic

Languages

Spanish (official)

Religions

Roman Catholic 79%, Protestant 14% (includes Pentecostal 6%, mainline Protestant 2%, other 6%), other 2%, unspecified 5% (2014 est.)

Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020*
34.13 million 40.3 million 45.51 million 48.2 million 50.89 million

*Estimate

 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2018
46.3% 63.7% 74% 80.8%
Population median age

30.4 years

Population growth rate

0.97% (2018 estimate)

Life expectancy

76.2 years (2018 estimate)

Literacy

Total population: 94.7% 
Male: 94.4% 
Female: 94.9%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2016 est.)

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

10.8% (last available estimate, 2017)

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

49.7 (last available estimate, 2017)

Freedom House rating

Partly Free
Political Rights: 3
Civil Liberties: 3 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 14%

Mobile: 129.9%

(2018)

(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

62.26 % (2017)

Mercer Cost of living index

Bogotá: 170th (2019)

CO2 emissions

1.79 metric tons per capita (2014)

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