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Ethiopia GDP and Economic Data

Includes Ethiopia real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.

Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Ethiopia economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Ethiopia best banks and safest banks are also available.

 
 
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Central bank

National Bank of Ethiopia

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International Reserves

USD 4 billion (2018)

World Bank, data retrieved October 2019

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Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 80.3 billion (2018, estimate)

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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Intl$ 219.5 billion (2018, estimate)

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Real GDP growth
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
11.8% 11.2% 10% 10.6% 11.4% 8.7% 9.9%
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*    
10.3% 10.4% 8% 10.1% 7.7%    

*Estimate

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GDP per capita - current prices

USD 852.8 (2018, estimate)

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GDP per capita - PPP

Intl$ 2,332.2 (2018, estimate)

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GDP (PPP) - share of world total
1980 1990 2000 2010 2019*
0.09% 0.08% 0.07% 0.10% 0.17%

*Estimate

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GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 31.1% 
  • industry: 27.3%
  • services: 36.5%

(2018 estimate)

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Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

N/A

 

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Inflation
2015              2016                  2017                     2018                     2019
9.6% 6.6% 10.7% 13.8% 14.6%

*Estimate

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Unemployment rate
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

*Estimate

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Household saving rates

N/A

 

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Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
54.5% 55.8% 58.6% 61% 59.1%

*Estimate

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Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
-1.9% -2.3% -3.3% -3% -2.8%

*Estimate

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Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: B

Moody's: B1

Standard & Poor's / Moody's 

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Market value of publicly traded shares
2016 2017 2018
N/A N/A N/A
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Largest companies

N/A

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Current account balance

USD -5.3 billion (2018 estimate)

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Current account balance by percentage of GDP

-6.5 % (2018 estimate)

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Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

8.4% (2018)

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Shares in world total merchandising export

0.01% (2018)

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Shares in world total commercial services export

0.08% (2018)

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Total exports

USD 7.6 billion (2018 estimate)

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Export commodities

Coffee (27%, by value), oilseeds (17%), edible vegetables including khat (17%), gold (13%), flowers (7%), live animals (7%), raw leather products (3%), meat products (3%)

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Total imports

USD 20.6 billion (2018 estimate)

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Import commodities

Machinery and aircraft (14%, by value), metal and metal products, (14%), electrical materials, (13%), petroleum products (12%), motor vehicles, (10%), chemicals and fertilizers (4%)

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Exports - major partners

Sudan 23.3%, Switzerland 10.2%, China 8.1%, Somalia 6.6%, Netherlands 6.2%, US 4.7%, Germany 4.7%, Saudi Arabia 4.6%, UK 4.6% (2017)

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Imports - major partners

China 24.1%, Saudi Arabia 10.1%, India 6.4%, Kuwait 5.3%, France 5.2% (2017)

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FDI inflows
2016 2017 2018
USD 3,989 million USD 4,017 million USD 3,310 million
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FDI outflows
2016 2017 2018
N/A N/A N/A
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Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
2015 2016 2017 2018
N/A N/A N/A N/A
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Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

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Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

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Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking:

159 out of 190 countries

​Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 168 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 142 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 137 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 142 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 176 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 189 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 132 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 156 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 67 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 149 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2019

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Global competitiveness ranking

126 out of 141 countries (2019)

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Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 137 / Score: 53.6 (Mostly unfree)

(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)

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Time zone

UTC+3

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Total area

1,104,300 sq km

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Capital

Addis Ababa

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Currency

Birr (ETB)

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Government type

Federal parliamentary republic

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Languages

Oromo (official working language in the State of Oromiya) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of the State of Sumale) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of the State of Tigray) 5.9%, Sidam

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Religions

Ethiopian Orthodox 43.5%, Muslim 33.9%, Protestant 18.5%, traditional 2.7%, Catholic 0.7%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)

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Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020*
46.81 million 63.5 million 82.91 million 89.76 million 97.18 million

*Estimate

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Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2018
6.4% 10.4% 14.7% 20.8%
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Population median age

18 years 

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Population growth rate

2.83% (2018 estimate)

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Life expectancy

63 years 

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Literacy

Total population: 49.1% 
Male: 57.2% 
Female: 41.1%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

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% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

68.9% (last available estimate, 2015)

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Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

35 (last available estimate, 2015)

(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)

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Freedom House rating

Not Free
Political Rights: 6
Civil Liberties: 6 (2019)                  

(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)

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Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 1% Mobile: 0% (2018) 
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

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Internet users as % of total population

18.62 % (2017)

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Mercer Cost of living index

Addis Ababa: 171st (2019)

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CO2 emissions(Metric tons of CO2 per capita)

0.12 metric tons per capita (2014)

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World's Best Developed & Emerging Markets Banks

2013
2012
2011
2010
2009

World's Best Banks By Region

2014
2013
2012
2011

World's Best Banks

2014
2013
2013

Best of…

2013
2012
2009
2005

Additional Awards

2014
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