Source
Central bank

National Bank of Ethiopia

International Reserves

USD 4 billion (2018)

World Bank, data retrieved October 2019

Source
Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 80.3 billion (2018, estimate)

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Intl$ 219.5 billion (2018, estimate)

Real GDP growth
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
11.8% 11.2% 10% 10.6% 11.4% 8.7% 9.9%
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*    
10.3% 10.4% 8% 10.1% 7.7%    

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 852.8 (2018, estimate)

GDP per capita - PPP

Intl$ 2,332.2 (2018, estimate)

GDP (PPP) - share of world total
1980 1990 2000 2010 2019*
0.09% 0.08% 0.07% 0.10% 0.17%

*Estimate

 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 31.1% 
  • industry: 27.3%
  • services: 36.5%

(2018 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

N/A

 

Inflation
2015              2016                  2017                     2018                     2019
9.6% 6.6% 10.7% 13.8% 14.6%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

*Estimate

Household saving rates

N/A

 

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
54.5% 55.8% 58.6% 61% 59.1%

*Estimate

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2015 2016 2017 2018* 2019*
-1.9% -2.3% -3.3% -3% -2.8%

*Estimate

Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: B

Moody's: B1

Standard & Poor's / Moody's 

Market value of publicly traded shares
2016 2017 2018
N/A N/A N/A
Largest companies

N/A

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD -5.3 billion (2018 estimate)

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

-6.5 % (2018 estimate)

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

8.4% (2018)

Shares in world total merchandising export

0.01% (2018)

Shares in world total commercial services export

0.08% (2018)

Total exports

USD 7.6 billion (2018 estimate)

Export commodities

Coffee (27%, by value), oilseeds (17%), edible vegetables including khat (17%), gold (13%), flowers (7%), live animals (7%), raw leather products (3%), meat products (3%)

Total imports

USD 20.6 billion (2018 estimate)

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Machinery and aircraft (14%, by value), metal and metal products, (14%), electrical materials, (13%), petroleum products (12%), motor vehicles, (10%), chemicals and fertilizers (4%)

Exports - major partners

Sudan 23.3%, Switzerland 10.2%, China 8.1%, Somalia 6.6%, Netherlands 6.2%, US 4.7%, Germany 4.7%, Saudi Arabia 4.6%, UK 4.6% (2017)

Imports - major partners

China 24.1%, Saudi Arabia 10.1%, India 6.4%, Kuwait 5.3%, France 5.2% (2017)

FDI inflows
2016 2017 2018
USD 3,989 million USD 4,017 million USD 3,310 million
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
2015 2016 2017 2018
N/A N/A N/A N/A
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking:

159 out of 190 countries

​Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 168 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 142 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 137 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 142 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 176 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 189 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 132 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 156 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 67 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 149 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2019

Global competitiveness ranking

126 out of 141 countries (2019)

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 137 / Score: 53.6 (Mostly unfree)

(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC+3

Total area

1,104,300 sq km

Capital

Addis Ababa

Currency

Birr (ETB)

Government type

Federal parliamentary republic

Languages

Oromo (official working language in the State of Oromiya) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of the State of Sumale) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of the State of Tigray) 5.9%, Sidam

Religions

Ethiopian Orthodox 43.5%, Muslim 33.9%, Protestant 18.5%, traditional 2.7%, Catholic 0.7%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)

Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020*
46.81 million 63.5 million 82.91 million 89.76 million 97.18 million

*Estimate

 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2018
6.4% 10.4% 14.7% 20.8%
Population median age

18 years 

Population growth rate

2.83% (2018 estimate)

Life expectancy

63 years 

Literacy

Total population: 49.1% 
Male: 57.2% 
Female: 41.1%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

68.9% (last available estimate, 2015)

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

35 (last available estimate, 2015)

(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)

Freedom House rating

Not Free
Political Rights: 6
Civil Liberties: 6 (2019)                  

(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 1% Mobile: 0% (2018) 
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

18.62 % (2017)

Mercer Cost of living index

Addis Ababa: 171st (2019)

CO2 emissions(Metric tons of CO2 per capita)

0.12 metric tons per capita (2014)

World's Best Developed & Emerging Markets Banks

World's Best Banks By Region

World's Best Banks

2013

Best of…

Additional Awards