
Decentralized Social Media Finds A Foothold
Companies may face too many options for brand messaging.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Germany economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Germany best banks and safest banks are also available.
Germany's closure of its last nuclear power facilities amid potential energy shortages and rising prices due to the end of gas and oil imports from Russia.
USD 296.05 billion (2021)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved January 2022
USD 4,230.17 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
USD 4,843.39 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
2.7% | 1.1% | 1.1% | –4.6% | 3.1% |
*Estimate
USD 50,787.86 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
USD 58,150.20 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
(2020 estimate)
3.2% (2019)
OECD, retrieved January 2022
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
1.7% | 1.9% | 1.4% | 0.4% | 2.9% |
*Estimate
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
3.8% | 3.4% | 3.2% | 3.8% | 4.7% |
*Estimate
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
65% | 61.6% | 59.2% | 69.1% | 72.5% |
*Estimate
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
2.2% | 2.6% | 2% | –3.9% | –6.5% |
*Estimate
Standard & Poor's: AAA
Moody's: Aaa
Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)
USD 2,284 billion (2020)
Volkswagen Group, Allianz, Daimler, Deutsche Telekom, BMW Group, Siemens, SAP, Deutsche Post, Munich Re, EMD Group, E.ON, Fresenius, Henkel, Deutsche Bank, RWE Group, BASF, EnBW-Energie Baden, Bayer, Talanx, Vonovia, Adidas, Deutsche Boerse, Porsche Automobil Holding, Continental, Siemens Energy, Infineon Technologies, Evonik, Deutsche Wohnen, HeidelbergCement, Commerzbank, Metro Group, Beiersdorf, ThyssenKrupp Group, Covestro, Brenntag, Deutsche Lufthansa, Knorr-Bremse, LEG Immobilien AG, Wuestenrot & Wuerttembergische, Zalando, KION Group, Lanxess, Aurubis, Ceconomy, Schaeffler, Sartorius, Delivery Hero, BayWa, Deutsche Pfandbriefbank, HelloFresh, Aareal Bank, Puma, Nuernberger Beteiligungs, Symrise
USD 287.6 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
6.8% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
43.4% (2020)
7.8% (2020)
6.0% (2020)
Cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, aircraft, medical cultures/vaccines, industrial machinery (2019)
Cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, medical cultures/vaccines (2019)
United States 9%, France 8%, China 7%, Netherlands 6%, United Kingdom 6%, Italy 5%, Poland 5%, Austria 5% (2019)
Netherlands 9%, China 8%, France 7%, Belgium 6%, Poland 6%, Italy 6%, Czechia 5%, United States 5% (2019)
2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
USD 62.1 billion | USD 54.1 billion | USD 35.7 billion |
2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
USD 86.2 billion | USD 139.3 billion | USD 35 billion |
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
USD 47,640 million |
USD -6,559 million |
USD 31,879 million | USD 72,812 million |
Bayer AG, Merck & Co Inc-Consumer Care Business, United States, USD 14.2 billion / Telefonica Deutschland Holding AG, E-Plus Mobilfunk GmbH & Co KG, Germany, USD 11.2 billion / Volkswagen AG, Scania AB, Sweden, USD 9.1 billion / Kronen Tausend985 GmbH, Sky Deutschland AG, Germany, USD 4.9 billion / Dragonfly GmbH & Co KgaA, Celesio AG, Germany, USD 4.8 billion / TUI AG, TUI Travel PLC, United Kingdom, USD 4.6 billion
Merck KGaA, Sigma-Aldrich Corp, United States, USD 16.9 billion / ZF Friedrichshafen AG, TRW Automotive Holdings Corp, United States, USD 12.5 billion / Deutsche Annington Immobilien SE, Gagfah SA, Luxembourg, USD 10.4 billion / Siemens AG, Dresser-Ran
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking:
22 out of 190 countries
Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 125 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 30 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 5 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 76 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 48 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 61 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 46 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 42 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 13 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 4 out of 190 countries
7 out of 141 countries
(2019)
Ranking: 24 / Score: 73.5 (Mostly free)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
Roman Catholic 28.2%, Protestant 26%, Muslim 5%, Orthodox 1.9%, other Christian 1.1%, other .9%, none 37% (2017 est.)
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015* | 2020* |
78.95 million | 81.46 million | 80.29 million | 81.96 million | 82.98 million |
*Estimate
1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2018 |
71.4% | 72.8% | 75% | 77.3% |
0% (last available estimate, 2015)
31.7 (last available estimate, 2015)
(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)
Free
Political Rights: 1
Civil Liberties: 1 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
Fixed: 51.7%
Mobile: 129.3%
(2018)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)
Munich: 67th
Frankfurt: 74th
Berlin: 81st
Düsseldorf: 92nd
Hamburg: 100th
Stuttgart: 126th
Nürnberg: 151st
Leipzig: 156th
(2019)