Lee Promises Calmer Hong Kong
Hong Kong's next chief executive is a law-and-order candidate.
Hong Kong GDP and Economic Data
Includes Hong Kong real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Hong Kong economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Hong Kong best banks and safest banks are also available.
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International Reserves
USD 424.7 billion (2018)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved October 2019
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
Intl$ 480.5 billion (2018, estimate)
Source
Real GDP growth
| 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
| 6.5% | 2.1% | -2.5% | 6.8% | 4.8% | 1.7% | 3.1% |
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | ||
| 2.8% | 2.4% | 2.2% | 3.8% | 3% |
*Estimate
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GDP (PPP) - share of world total
| 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2019* |
| 0.27% | 0.38% | 0.37% | 0.38% | 0.35% |
*Estimate
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GDP - composition by sector
- agriculture: 0.1%
- industry: 7.2%
- services: 88.6%
(2017 estimate)
Inflation
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 3% | 2.4% | 1.5% | 2.4% | 3% |
*Estimate
Source
Unemployment rate
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 3.3% | 3.4% | 3.1% | 2.8% | 2.9% |
*Estimate
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Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019* |
| 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0% |
*Estimate
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Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019* |
| 0.6% | 4.4% | 5.5% | 2.3% | 0.6% |
*Estimate
Source
Government bond ratings
Standard & Poor's: AA+
Moody's: Aa12
Standard & Poor's / Moody's
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Market value of publicly traded shares
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 3,193.2 billion | USD 4,350.5 billion | USD 3,819.2 billion |
Largest companies
Beijing Enterprises, China Resources Power, China Mengniu Dairy, Power Assets Holdings, Cathay Pacific Airways, Sino Biopharmaceutical, Techtronic Industries, Chow Tai Fook Jewellery, Shenzhou International Group Holdings, Nine Dragons Paper Holdings, China Mobile, CITIC, AIA Group, CNOOC, CK Hutchison, China Unicom, China Resources Land, Jardine Matheson, Sun Hung Kai Properties, CK Asset Holdings, Swire Pacific, New World Development, China Taiping Insurance, CLP Holdings, MTR, Henderson Land, Great Eagle Holdings, First Pacific, China Oriental Group, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group, China Agri-Industries, Sino Land, Yuexiu Property Co., Li & Fung, Shimao Property Holdings, Wheelock, Geely Automobile Holdings, WH Group, Link REIT, Lenovo Group, Hong Kong Exchanges, Galaxy Entertainment, Towngas, China Resources Pharmaceutical Group, Bank of East Asia, China Gas Holdings, China Jinmao, Sun Art Retail Group, Far East Horizon, Kerry Properties, China Merchants Port Holdings, Hang Lung Group, KWG Group Holdings, Hopson Development Holdings, China Resources Gas Group, Guangdong Investment, China Resources Cement Holdings, Kingboard Holdings
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Current account balance by percentage of GDP
4.3 % (2018 estimate)
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Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)
188% (2018)
Shares in world total merchandising export
2.92% (2018)
Shares in world total commercial services export
1.97% (2018)
Export commodities
Electrical machinery and appliances, textiles, apparel, watches and clocks, toys, "jewelry, goldsmiths' and silversmiths' wares, and other articles of precious or semi-precious materials"; hong kong plays an important role as entrepot to the chinese mainland; in 2017, 58% of hong kong’s re-exports originated in mainland china, and 54% were destined for the chinese mainland
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Import commodities
Raw materials and semi-manufactures, consumer goods, capital goods, foodstuffs, fuel (most is re-exported)
Exports - major partners
China 54.1%, US 7.7% (2017)
Imports - major partners
China 44.6%, Singapore 6.4%, Japan 6.1%, South Korea 5.5%, US 5.2% (2017)
FDI inflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 117,387 million | USD 110,685 million | USD 115,662 million |
FDI outflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 59,703 million | USD 86,704 million | USD 85,162 million |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 19,598 million | USD 11,113 million | USD 23,686 million | USD 13,604 million |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014
CITIC Pacific Ltd, CITIC Ltd, China, USD 42.2 billion / MMG South America Management Co Ltd, Xstrata Peru SA, Peru, USD 7.0 billion / Lenovo Group Ltd, Motorola Mobility Holdings Inc, United States, USD 3.1 billion
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015
China Resources (Holdings) Co Ltd, Ondereel Ltd,Best-Growth Resources Ltd,Havensbrook Investments Ltd,China Resourc, Hong Kong, China, USD 14.0 billion / Chia Tai Bright Investment Co Ltd, CITIC Ltd, Hong Kong, China, USD 5.9 billion / China Overseas Holdings Ltd, China Overseas Land & Investment Ltd, Hong Kong, China, USD 5.5 billion / Alpha Progress Global Ltd, Celestial Domain Investments Ltd, China, USD 5.5 billion / Chia Tai Bright Investment Co Ltd, CITIC Ltd, Hong Kong, China, USD 4.4 billion
Best countries for doing business
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking:
3 out of 190 countries
Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 5 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 1 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 3 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 51 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 37 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 7 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 2 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 29 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 31 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 45 out of 190 countries
Source
Global competitiveness ranking
3 out of 141 countries
(2019)
Index of Economic Freedom
Ranking: 1 / Score: 90.2 (Free)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
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Government type
Presidential limited democracy; a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China
Languages
Cantonese (official) 88.9%, English (official) 4.3%, Mandarin (official) 1.9%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 1.9% (2016 est.)
Religions
Buddhist or Taoist 27.9%, Protestant 6.7%, Roman Catholic 5.3%, Muslim 4.2%, Hindu 1.4%, Sikh 0.2%, other or none 54.3% (2016 est.)
Total population
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020* |
| 5.79 million | 6.71 million | 7.05 million | 7.31 million | 7.64 million |
*Estimate
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Urban population as % of total population
| 1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2018 |
| 85.2% | 91.5% | 100% | 100% |
Freedom House rating
Partly Free
Political Rights: 5
Civil Liberties: 2 (2018)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population
Fixed: 57.2% Mobile: 259.4% (2018)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)