Source
Central bank

Magyar Nemzeti Bank (Central Bank of Hungary)

International Reserves

USD 43.47 billion (2021)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved January 2022

Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 180.96 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

USD 359.90 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Real GDP growth
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
4.3% 5.4% 4.6% –5.0% 7.6%

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 18,527.59 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP per capita - PPP

USD 36,848.64 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (PPP) - share of world total
0.25% (2021 estimate)
 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 3.5% 
  • industry: 25.2% 
  • services: 55.8%

(2018 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

1.5% (2019)

OECD, retrieved January 2022

 

Inflation
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
2.4% 2.8% 3.4% 3.3% 4.5%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
4.0% 3.6% 3.3% 4.1% 4.1%

*Estimate

Household saving rates

10.5% (2020)

 

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
72.2% 69.1% 65.5% 80.4% 76.6%

*Estimate

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
0.2% 0.2% 0.1% –5.8% –4.6%

*Estimate

Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: BBB

Moody's: Baa2

Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)

Market value of publicly traded shares
Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)
Largest companies

OTP Bank, MOL Hungarian Oil

Forbes Global 2000 (2021)

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD 1.1 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

0.6% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

79.5% (2020)
World Bank - World Development Indicators (updated Feb 2022)

Shares in world total merchandising export

0.68% (2020)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

Shares in world total commercial services export

0.4% (2020)

Total exports

USD 123.7 billion (2020 estimate)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

Export commodities

Cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, spark-ignition engines, video displays, broadcasting equipment (2019)
CIA World Factbook

Total imports

USD 120.1 billion (2020 estimate)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Cars and vehicle parts, integrated circuits, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, crude petroleum (2019)
CIA World Factbook

Exports - major partners

Germany 27%, Romania 5%, Italy 5%, Slovakia 5% (2019)
CIA World Factbook

Imports - major partners

Germany 25%, China 6%, Poland 6%, Austria 6%, Czechia 5%, Slovakia 5%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)
CIA World Factbook

FDI inflows
2019 2020 2021
USD 6.4 billion USD 3.9 billion USD 4.2 billion
FDI outflows
2019 2020 2021
USD 3 billion USD 2.8 billion USD 4.3 billion
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking:

52 out of 190 countries

Subcategories:

Starting a Business: 87 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 108 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 125 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 29 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 37 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 97 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 56 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 1 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 25 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 66 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2020

Global competitiveness ranking

26 out of 141 (2019)
World Economic Forum / Global competitiveness ranking

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 48 / Score: 66.9 (Moderately Free)
The Heritage Foundation - 2022 Index of Economic Freedom

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC+1

Total area

93,028 sq km

Capital

Budapest 

Currency

Forints (HUF)

Government type

Parliamentary republic

Languages

Hungarian (official) 99.6%, English 16%, German 11.2%, Russian 1.6%, Romanian 1.3%, French 1.2%, other 4.2%; note - shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census; Hungarian is the mother tongue of 98.9% of Hungarian speakers (2011 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 37.2%, Calvinist 11.6%, Lutheran 2.2%, Greek Catholic 1.8%, other 1.9%, none 18.2%, no response 27.2% (2011 est.)

Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020
10.4 million 10.2 million 10 million 9.8 million 9.7 million
 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2020
55.9% 64.2% 64.6% 71.9%
Population median age

42.7 years 

Population growth rate

-0.26% (2018 estimate)

Life expectancy

76.3 years (2018 estimate)

Literacy

Total population: 99.1%

Male: 99.1%

Female: 99% (2015) Definition: age 15 and over can read and write 

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

0.7% (last available estimate, 2019)

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

30.0 (last available estimate, 2019)

Freedom House rating

Total score: 69/100

Status: Partly Free

Political Rights: 26/40

Civil Liberties: 43/60 (2022)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 30.7%

Mobile: 107.0% (2020) (fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

84.8% (2020)

Mercer Cost of living index

N/A

CO2 emissions

4.7 metric tons per capita (2018)

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