India: Potential In Space Economics
Future projects like the return to Mars, the study of Venus, and carrying humans into low earth orbit, portends a bright future for the Indian space sector.
India GDP and Economic Data
Includes India real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about India economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of India best banks and safest banks are also available.
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International Reserves
USD 395.6 billion (2018)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved October 2019
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
Intl$ 10,505.3 billion (2018, estimate)
Source
Real GDP growth
| 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
| 9.8% | 3.9% | 8.5% | 10.3% | 6.6% | 5.5% | 6.4% |
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | ||
| 7.4% | 8% | 8.2% | 7.2% | 7.1% |
*Estimate
Source
GDP (PPP) - share of world total
| 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2019* |
| 3.04% | 3.84% | 4.42% | 6.27% | 8.1% |
*Estimate
Source
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GDP - composition by sector
- agriculture: 14.5%
- industry: 27%
- services: 49%
(2018 estimate)
Inflation
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 4.9% | 4.5% | 3.6% | 3.4% | 3.4% |
*Estimate
Source
Unemployment rate
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
| N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
*Estimate
Source
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 68.8% | 67.7% | 67.8% | 68.1% | 69% |
*Estimate
Source
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| -7.2% | -7.1% | -7% | -6.4% | -7.5% |
*Estimate
Source
Government bond ratings
Standard & Poor's: BBB-
Moody's: Baa2
Standard & Poor's / Moody's
Source
Market value of publicly traded shares
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 1,566.7 billion | USD 2,331.6 billion | USD 2,083.5 billion |
Largest companies
Bharti Airtel, Wipro, JSW Steel, Power Grid of India, Hindalco Industries, HCL Technologies, Mahindra & Mahindra, IndusInd Bank, Bajaj Finserv, GAIL India, Punjab National Bank, Grasim Industries, Bank of Baroda, Power Finance, Canara Bank, Bank of India, Indiabulls Housing Finance, Vodafone Idea, Yes Bank, Asian Paints, Piramal Enterprises, Allahabad Bank, Indian Bank, Andhra Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Hero Motocorp, Corporation Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Reliance Industries, HDFC Bank, Oil & Natural Gas, Indian Oil, HDFC, Tata Consultancy Services, ICICI Bank, Larsen & Toubro, State Bank of India, NTPC, Tata Steel, Coal India, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Bharat Petroleum, Infosys, Axis Bank, Tata Motors, ITC, Union Bank of India, Bajaj Auto, Tech Mahindra, General Insurance Corporation Of India, Sun Pharma Industries, Rajesh Exports, Steel Authority of India, Adani Ports & Special Economic Zone, IDBI Bank, Central Bank of India, Syndicate Bank
Source
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Current account balance by percentage of GDP
-2.1 % (2018 estimate)
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Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)
19.7% (2018)
Shares in world total merchandising export
1.67% (2018)
Shares in world total commercial services export
3.54% (2018)
Export commodities
Petroleum products, precious stones, vehicles, machinery, iron and steel, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, cereals, apparel
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Import commodities
Crude oil, precious stones, machinery, chemicals, fertilizer, plastics, iron and steel
Exports - major partners
US 15.6%, UAE 10.2%, Hong Kong 4.9%, China 4.3% (2017)
Imports - major partners
China 16.3%, US 5.5%, UAE 5.2%, Saudi Arabia 4.8%, Switzerland 4.7% (2017)
FDI inflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 44,481 million | USD 39,904 million | USD 42,286 million |
FDI outflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 5,072 million | USD 11,141 million | USD 11,037 million |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD -612 million | USD 8,462 million | USD 1,212 million | USD 1,105 million |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014
N/A
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015
Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd, India, USD 3.2 billion
Best countries for doing business
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking:
63 out of 190 countries
Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 136 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 27 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 22 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 154 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 25 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 13 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 115 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 68 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 163 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 52 out of 190 countries
Source
Global competitiveness ranking
68 out of 141 countries
(2019)
Index of Economic Freedom
Ranking: 129 / Score: 55.2 (Mostly unfree)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
Source
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Languages
Hindi 43.6%, Bengali 8%, Marathi 6.9%, Telugu 6.7%, Tamil 5.7%, Gujarati 4.6%, Urdu 4.2%, Kannada 3.6%, Odia 3.1%, Malayalam 2.9%, Punjabi 2.7%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.1%, other 5.6% (2011 est.)Note: English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the most widely spoken language and primary tongue of 41% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2001 census)
Religions
Hindu 79.8%, Muslim 14.2%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.7%, other and unspecified 2% (2011 est.)
Total population
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015* | 2020* |
| 847.5 million | 1029.5 million | 1200.66 million | 1282.92 million | 1369.56 million |
*Estimate
Source
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Urban population as % of total population
| 1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2018 |
| 17.9% | 23.1% | 27.7% | 34% |
Literacy
Total population: 71.2%
Male: 81.3%
Female: 60.6%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day
60.4% (last available estimate, 2011)
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)
35.7 (last available estimate, 2011)
(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)
Source
Freedom House rating
Free
Political Rights: 2
Civil Liberties: 3 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population
Fixed: 1.6% Mobile: 86.9% (2018)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)
Mercer Cost of living index
Mumbai: 67th
New Delhi: 118th
Chennai: 154th
Bengaluru: 179th
Kolkata: 189th
(2019)
Source
World's Best Developed & Emerging Markets Banks
2010
World's Best Islamic Financial Institutions
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World's Best US Regional Banks
World's Best Internet Banks
2013
2012
2009
2005
World’s Best Treasury & Cash Management Providers
World's Best Supply Chain Finance Providers
World's Best Subcustodian Banks
2013
2012
World’s Best Investment Banks
2012
2011
2010
2009
World’s Best Foreign Exchange Providers
2010
2009
World's Best Banks By Region
2011
World's Best Banks
2012
World’s Best Trade Finance Banks
2012
2010
Best of…
2012
2011
2009
2004
2003
World's Biggest Banks
Additional Awards
2014
2013
2012
- Awards: Risk Management Providers 2012
- Project Finance and Infrastructure Providers 2012: Global Winners
- Emerging Markets' Biggest Banks
- Project Finance and Infrastructure Providers 2012: Regional Winners
- Global Risk Management Providers 2012: Learning To Like Vanilla
- Awards: Project Finance & Infrastructure