Top Countries For Foreign Direct Investment
What countries do the best job attracting foreign direct investment and how do they do it? Global Finance investigates.
Luxembourg GDP and Economic Data
Includes Luxembourg real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Luxembourg economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Luxembourg best banks and safest banks are also available.
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International Reserves
USD 2.92 billion (2021)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved January 2022
Gross Domestic Product - GDP
USD 83.77 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
USD 80.75 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
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Real GDP growth
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 1.8% | 3.1% | 2.3% | –1.3% | 5.5% |
*Estimate
Source
GDP per capita - current prices
USD 131,301.60 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
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GDP per capita - PPP
USD 126,568.69 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
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GDP - composition by sector
- agriculture: 0.2%
- industry: 10.7%
- services: 80.1%
(2020 estimate)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)
1.1% (2019)
Inflation
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 2.1% | 2.0% | 1.7% | 0% | 2.7% |
*Estimate
Source
Unemployment rate
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 5.8% | 5.1% | 5.4% | 6.3% | 5.6% |
*Estimate
Source
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 22.3% | 21% | 22% | -24.8% | 26.3% |
*Estimate
Source
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 1.1% | 2.8% | 2.2% | –4.3% | –1.6% |
*Estimate
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Government bond ratings
Standard & Poor's: AAA
Moody's: Aaa
Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)
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Market value of publicly traded shares
USD 51.6 billion (2020)
Largest companies
ArcelorMittal, Spotify Technology, Eurofins Scientific Societe Europeenne, Aroundtown, Ternium, RTL Group
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Current account balance by percentage of GDP
4.7 % (2018 estimate)
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Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)
224.8% (2018)
Shares in world total merchandising export
0.08% (2018)
Shares in world total commercial services export
1.95% (2018)
Export commodities
Machinery and equipment, steel products, chemicals, rubber products, glass
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Import commodities
Commercial aircraft, minerals, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs, luxury consumer goods
Exports - major partners
Germany 25.6%, Belgium 17.6%, France 14%, Netherlands 5.1%, Italy 4.1%, UK 4.1% (2017)
Imports - major partners
Belgium 32%, Germany 24.9%, France 11.1%, US 5.7%, Netherlands 4.9% (2017)
FDI inflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 31,878 million | USD -6,799 million | USD -5,615 million |
FDI outflows
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 30,150 million | USD 34,679 million | USD 1,373 million |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 17,503 million | USD 9,641 million | USD 9,938 million | USD -262 million |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014
N/A
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015
N/A
Best countries for doing business
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking:
72 out of 190 countries
Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 76 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 14 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 45 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 93 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 176 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 97 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 23 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 1 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 18 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 93 out of 190 countries
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Global competitiveness ranking
18 out of 141 countries
(2019)
Index of Economic Freedom
Ranking: 17 / Score: 75.9 (Mostly free)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
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Languages
Luxembourgish (official administrative and judicial language and national language (spoken vernacular)) 55.8%, Portuguese 15.7%, French (official administrative, judicial, and legislative language) 12.1%, German (official administrative and judicial langu
Religions
Christian (predominantly Roman Catholic) 70.4%, Muslim 2.3%, other (includes Buddhist, folk religions, Hindu, Jewish) 0.5%, none 26.8% (2010 est.)
Total population
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015* | 2020* |
| 0.38 million | 0.43 million | 0.5 million | 0.56 million | 0.63 million |
*Estimate
Source
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Urban population as % of total population
| 1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2018 |
| 69.6% | 80% | 84.2% | 91% |
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day
0.5% (last available estimate, 2015)
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)
33.8 (last available estimate, 2015)
(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)
Source
Freedom House rating
Free
Political Rights: 1
Civil Liberties: 1 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population
Fixed: 45.3% Mobile: 132.2% (2018)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)