Browse a full set of economic indicators

Moldova

Includes Moldova real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.

Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Moldova economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Moldova best banks and safest banks are also available.

Basic Information

Government Type: Parliamentary republic

Capital City: Chisinau in Romanian (Kishinev in Russian)

GDP & Economic Information

Macroeconomy & Sovereign Data

National Bank of Moldova National Bank of Moldova
Currency Moldovan lei (MDL)
International Reserves USD 3.78 billion (2020)
World Bank, last updated 12/16/2021
Gross Domestic Product – GDP USD 12.40 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF – World Economic Outlook, October 2021
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) USD 36.89 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF – World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP Data

Real GDP growth 2017 4.7 4.7%
2018 4.3%
2019 3.7%
2020* -7%
2021* 4.5%

*Estimate
GDP per capita – current prices USD 4,791.63 (2021 estimate)
GDP per capita – PPP USD 14,257.81 (2021 estimate)
GDP (PPP) – share of world total 0.03% (2021 estimate)
GDP – composition by sector agriculture: 9.5%
industry: 23.3%
services: 54.2%
(2018 estimate)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP) N/A
Inflation 2017 6.5%
2018 3.6%
2019 4.3%
2020* 4.4%
2021* 3%

*Estimate

Inflation & Debt

Inflation 2017 6.5%
2018 3.6%
2019 4.3%
2020* 4.4%
2021* 3%

*Estimate
Government Bond Ratings Standard & Poor’s: N/A

Moody’s: B3

Standard & Poor’s / Moody’s
Unemployment rate 2017 4.1%
2018 3.1%
2019 5.1%
2020* 8%
2021* 5.5%

*Estimate
Household saving rates N/A
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP) 2017 34.3%
2018 31.2%
2019 28.3%
2020* 34.8%
2021* 38.1%

*Estimate
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP) 2017 0.5%
2018 0%
2019 –0.7%
2020* -4.3%
2021* -3.3%

*Estimate

Market value of publicly traded shares N/A
Largest Companies N/A

Import/Export

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services) 26.5% (2020)
World Bank – World Development Indicators (updated Feb 2022)
Shares in world total merchandising export 0.01% (2020)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Shares in world total commercial services export 0.02% (2020)
Compiled by GFMag – Based on World Bank – World Development Indicators
Total exports USD 3.2 billion (2020 estimate)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Export commodities Insulated wiring, sunflower seeds, wine, corn, seats (2019)
Total imports USD 5.9 billion (2020 estimate)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Import commodities Refined petroleum, cars, insulated wiring, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment (2019)
Exports – major partners Romania 27%, Russia 9%, Italy 9%, Germany 9%, Turkey 6%, Poland 5% (2019)
Imports – major partners Romania 20%, Russia 10%, Ukraine 9%, Germany 8%, China 7%, Turkey 6%, Italy 6% (2019)

Competitiveness & Trade

Current account balance USD -1 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF – World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Current account balance by percentage of GDP -8.5% (2021 estimate)
IMF – World Economic Outlook, October 2
FDI inflows 2019 USD 292 million
2020 USD 503 million
2021 USD 55 million
FDI Outflows 2019 USD 38 million
2020 USD 42 million
2021 USD –12 million
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser N/A
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014 N/A
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015 N/A
Best countries for doing business Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking:

Starting a Business: 13 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 156 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 84 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 22 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 48 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 45 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 33 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 38 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 62 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 67 out of 190 countries
World Bank – Doing Business 2020
Global competitiveness ranking 102 out of 141 countries

(2019)
Index of Economic Freedom Ranking: 78 / Score: 61.3 (Moderately Free)
The Heritage Foundation – 2022 Index of Economic Freedom

Population & Geographic Data

Total Area 33,851 sq km

Total Population 1990 3.0 Million
2000 2.9 Million
2010 2.9 Million
2015 2.8 Million
2020 2.6 Million
Urban population as % of total population 1960 23.4%
1980 40.4%
2000 44.6%
2020 42.8%
Population median age 37.7 (2022 estimate)
Population growth rate -1.12% (2022 est.)
Life expectancy 72.4 years (2022 est.)
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day 10.5% (last available estimate, 2019)
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index) 26.0 (last available estimate, 2019)
Freedom House rating Total score: 62/100

Status: Partly Free

Political Rights: 27/40

Civil Liberties: 35/60 (2022)
Total telephone subscribers as % of population Fixed: 25.5%

Mobile: 84.8% (2020) (fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)
Internet users as % of total population 76.1% (2017)

Language & Religon

Languages Moldovan/Romanian 80.2% (official) (56.7% identify their mother tongue as Moldovan, which is virtually the same as Romanian; 23.5% identify Romanian as their mother tongue), Russian 9.7%, Gagauz 4.2% (a Turkish language), Ukrainian 3.9%, Bulgarian 1.5%, Romani 0.3%, other 0.2% (2014 est.); note – data represent mother tongue
Literacy Total population: 99.4%

Male: 99.7%

Female: 99.1% (2015)

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Religions Orthodox 90.1%, other Christian 2.6%, other 0.1%, agnostic <.1%, atheist 0.2%, unspecified 6.9% (2014 est.)

World Rankings

Population 2.6 million
Mercer Cost of living index N/A
C02 Emissions per capita 3.2 metric tons per capita (2018)

Global Finance Rankings & Awards: Moldova

Global Finance Magazine holds several conferences and awards ceremonies throughout the year to recognize the winning financial institutions and companies in a host of categories including World’s Best Trade Finance Banks, World's Biggest Banks, World's Safest Banks, World's Best Developed & Emerging Markets Banks, World's Best Internet Banks, and World’s Best Investment Banks.


Data Sources:

IMF World Economic Outlook

UN World Population Prospects

World Inequality Report

S&P Global Ratings

Moody’s

Fitch Ratings

IMF Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS)

UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

CIA The World Factbook

World Bank’s World Integrated Trade Solution

Forbes Global 2000

arrow-chevron-right-redarrow-chevron-rightbutton-arrow-left-greybutton-arrow-left-red-400button-arrow-left-red-500button-arrow-left-red-600button-arrow-left-whitebutton-arrow-right-greybutton-arrow-right-red-400button-arrow-right-red-500button-arrow-right-red-600button-arrow-right-whitecaret-downcaret-rightclosecloseemailfacebook-square-holdfacebookhamburger-newhamburgerinstagramlinkedin-square-1linkedinpauseplaysearch-outlinesearchsubscribe-digitalsubscribe-printtwitter-square-holdtwitteryoutube