Includes Myanmar real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Myanmar economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Myanmar best banks and safest banks are also available.
Basic Information
Government Type: Parliamentary republic
Capital City: Rangoon (Yangon); note – Nay Pyi Taw is the administrative capital
GDP & Economic Information
Macroeconomy & Sovereign Data
Central Bank | Central Bank of Myanmar |
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Currency | Kyats (MMK) |
International Reserves |
USD 5.6 billion (2018) World Bank, data retrieved October 2019 |
Gross Domestic Product – GDP | USD 68.6 billion (2018, estimate) |
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) | Intl$ 328.4 billion (2018, estimate) |
GDP Data
Real GDP growth |
2007 12.5% 2008 7.6% 2009 4.4% 2010 5.2% 2011 5.5% 2012 6.5% 2013 7.9% 2014 8.2% 2015 7.5% 2016 5.2% 2017 6.3% 2018* 6.7% *Estimate |
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GDP per capita – current prices | USD 1,297.7 (2018, estimate) |
GDP per capita – PPP | Intl$ 6,216.7 (2018, estimate) |
GDP (PPP) – share of world total |
1980: N/A 1990: N/A 2000: 0.11% 2010: 0.20% 2019*: 0.25% *Estimate |
GDP – composition by sector |
Agriculture: 24.6% Industry: 32.3% Services: 43.2% (2018 estimate) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP) | N/A |
Inflation |
2015: 7.3% 2016: 9.1% 2017: 4.6% 2018*: 5.9% 2019*: 7.8% |
Myanmar
Inflation & Debt
Inflation |
2015: 7.3% 2016: 9.1% 2017: 4.6% 2018*: 5.9% 2019*: 7.8% |
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Government Bond Ratings |
Standard & Poor’s: N/A Moody’s: N/A Standard & Poor’s / Moody’s |
Unemployment rate |
2015*: 4.0% 2016*: 4.0% 2017*: 4.0% 2018*: 4.0% 2019*: 4.0% *Estimate |
Household saving rates | N/A |
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP) |
2015: 37.1% 2016: 39.8% 2017: 35.2% 2018*: 38.2% 2019*: 38.7% *Estimate |
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP) |
2015: -2.8% 2016: -3.5% 2017: -2.6% 2018*: -2.6% 2019*: -3.5% *Estimate |
Market value of publicly traded shares | N/A |
Largest Companies | N/A |
Import/Export
Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services) | 20% (2017) |
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Shares in world total merchandising export | 0.09% (2018) |
Shares in world total commercial services export | 0.09% (2018) |
Total exports | USD 17.1 billion (2018 estimate) |
Export commodities | Natural gas; wood products; pulses and beans; fish; rice; clothing; minerals, including jade and gems |
Total imports | USD 19.6 billion (2018 estimate) |
Import commodities |
Fabric; petroleum products; fertilizer; plastics; machinery; transport equipment; cement, construction materials; food products‘ edible oil |
Exports – major partners | China 36.5%, Thailand 21.8%, Japan 6.6%, Singapore 6.4%, India 5.9% (2017) |
Imports – major partners | China 31.4%, Singapore 15%, Thailand 11.1%, Saudi Arabia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.2%, Japan 6%, India 5.5%, Indonesia 4.5% (2017) |
Competitiveness & Trade
Current account balance | USD -2.9 billion (2018 estimate) |
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Current account balance by percentage of GDP |
-4.2 % (2018 estimate) |
FDI inflows |
2016: USD 2,989 million 2017: USD 4,341 million 2018: USD 3,554 million |
FDI Outflows | N/A |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser |
2015: N/A 2016: N/A 2017: USD 0.6 million 2018: USD 23.1 million |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014 | N/A |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015 | N/A |
Best countries for doing business |
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm. Overall ranking: 165 out of 190 countries Starting a Business: 70 out of 190 countries Dealing with Construction Permits: 46 out of 190 countries Getting Electricity: 148 out of 190 countries Registering Property: 125 out of 190 countries Getting Credit: 181 out of 190 countries Protecting Minority Investors: 176 out of 190 countries Paying Taxes: 129 out of 190 countries Trading across Borders: 168 out of 190 countries Enforcing Contracts: 187 out of 190 countries Resolving Insolvency: 164 out of 190 countries |
Global competitiveness ranking | N/A |
Index of Economic Freedom |
Ranking: 139 / Score: 53.6 (Mostly unfree) (100=totally free 0=totally repressed) |
Population & Geographic Data
Time Zone | UTC+6.5 |
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Total Area | 676,578 sq km |
Total Population |
1990: N/A 2000: 46.38 million 2010: 49.71 million 2015*: 51.85 million 2020*: 53.38 million *Estimate |
Urban population as % of total population |
1960: 19.2% 1980: 24% 2000: 27% 2018: 30.6% |
Population median age | 28.5 years |
Population growth rate | 0.89% (2018 estimate) |
Life expectancy |
68.6 years (2018 estimate) |
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day | 29.5% (last available estimate, 2015) |
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index) | 38.1 (last available estimate, 2015) |
Freedom House rating |
Partly Free Political Rights: 5 Civil Liberties: 5 (2019) (1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating) |
Total telephone subscribers as % of population |
Fixed: 1% Mobile: 113.8% (2018) (fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers) |
Internet users as % of total population | 30.68 % (2017) |
Language & Religon
Languages | Burmese (official) |
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Literacy |
Total population: 75.6% Male: 80% Female: 71.8% Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2016 est.) |
Religions | Buddhist 87.9%, Christian 6.2%, Muslim 4.3%, Animist 0.8%, Hindu 0.5%, other 0.2%, none 0.1% (2014 est.) |
World Rankings
Population | 53.38 M |
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Mercer Cost of living index | Yangon: 117th (2019) |
C02 Emissions per capita |
0.41 metric tons per capita (2014) |
Global Finance Rankings & Awards: Myanmar
Global Finance Magazine holds several conferences and awards ceremonies throughout the year to recognize the winning financial institutions and companies in a host of categories including World’s Best Trade Finance Banks, World's Biggest Banks, World's Safest Banks, World's Best Developed & Emerging Markets Banks, World's Best Internet Banks, and World’s Best Investment Banks.
Data Sources:
IMF World Economic Outlook
UN World Population Prospects
World Inequality Report
S&P Global Ratings
Moody’s
Fitch Ratings
IMF Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS)
UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
CIA The World Factbook
World Bank’s World Integrated Trade Solution
Forbes Global 2000