Includes Pakistan real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Pakistan economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Pakistan best banks and safest banks are also available.
Basic Information
Government Type: Federal parliamentary republic
Capital City: Islamabad
GDP & Economic Information
Macroeconomy & Sovereign Data
Central Bank | State Bank of Pakistan |
---|---|
Currency | Pakistani rupees (PKR) |
International Reserves |
USD 11.8 billion (2018) |
Gross Domestic Product – GDP | USD 312.6 billion (2018, estimate) |
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) | Intl$ 1,141.4 billion (2018, estimate) |
GDP Data
Real GDP growth |
2014: 4.1% 2015: 4.1% 2016: 4.6% 2017*: 5.4% 2018*: 5.2% *Estimate |
---|---|
GDP per capita – current prices | USD 1,555.4 (2018, estimate) |
GDP per capita – PPP | Intl$ 5,679.8 (2018, estimate) |
GDP (PPP) – share of world total | 0.84% (2019, estimate) |
GDP – composition by sector |
agriculture: 22.6% industry: 18.2% services: 53.5% (2016 estimate) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP) | N/A |
Inflation |
2014: 4.4% 2015: 2.9% 2016: 4.1% 2017*: 3.9% 2018*: 7.3% *Estimate |
Pakistan
Inflation & Debt
Inflation |
2014: 4.4% 2015: 2.9% 2016: 4.1% 2017*: 3.9% 2018*: 7.3% *Estimate |
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Government Bond Ratings |
Standard & Poor’s: B– Moody’s: B3 Standard & Poor’s / Moody’s (Updated as of January 24th 2017) |
Unemployment rate |
2014: 5.9% 2015: 6.0% 2016: 6.0% 2017*: 6.1% 2018*: 6.1% *Estimate |
Household saving rates | N/A |
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP) |
2014: 63.3% 2015: 67.6% 2016: 67.0% 2017*: 71.7% 2018*: 76.7% *Estimate |
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP) |
2014: 5.3% 2015: 4.4% 2016: 5.8% 2017*: 6.4% 2018*: 8.8% *Estimate |
Market value of publicly traded shares | N/A |
Largest Companies | N/A |
Import/Export
Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services) |
8.5% (2018) |
---|---|
Shares in world total merchandising export | 0.12% (2018) |
Shares in world total commercial services export | 0.07% (2018) |
Total exports | USD 30.1 billion (2018) |
Export commodities |
Textiles (garments, bed linen, cotton cloth, yarn), rice, leather goods, sporting goods, chemicals, manufactures, surgical instruments, carpets and rugs |
Total imports | USD 66.9 billion (2018 estimate) |
Import commodities | Petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, plastics, transportation equipment, edible oils, paper and paperboard, iron and steel, tea |
Exports – major partners | US 17.7%, UK 7.7%, China 6%, Germany 5.8%, Afghanistan 5.2%, UAE 4.5%, Spain 4.1%(2017) |
Imports – major partners | China 27.4%, UAE 13.7%, US 4.9%, Indonesia 4.3%, Saudi Arabia 4.2% (2017) |
Competitiveness & Trade
Current account balance | USD -19.9 billion (2018 estimate) |
---|---|
Current account balance by percentage of GDP | -6.3 % (2018 estimate) |
FDI inflows |
2016: USD 2,488 million 2017: USD 3,232 million 2018: USD 2,352 million |
FDI Outflows |
2016: USD 52 million 2017: USD 52 million 2018: USD 8 million |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser |
N/A United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) – World Investment Report |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014 | N/A |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015 | N/A |
Best countries for doing business |
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm. Overall ranking: 108 out of 190 countries (2019) Subcategories: Starting a Business: 72 out of 190 countries Dealing with Construction Permits: 112 out of 190 countries Getting Electricity: 123 out of 190 countries Registering Property: 151 out of 190 countries Getting Credit: 119 out of 190 countries Protecting Minority Investors: 28 out of 190 countries Paying Taxes: 161 out of 190 countries Trading across Borders: 111 out of 190 countries Enforcing Contracts: 156 out of 190 countries Resolving Insolvency: 58 out of 190 countries World Bank – Doing Business 2019 |
Global competitiveness ranking |
110 out of 141 countries (2019) |
Index of Economic Freedom |
Ranking: 131 / Score: 55 (Mostly unfree) (2019) (100=totally free 0=totally repressed) |
Population & Geographic Data
Time Zone |
UTC+5 |
---|---|
Total Area |
796,095 sq km |
Total Population |
1990: 105.7 million 2000: 136.64 million 2010: 172.57 million 2016*: 192.996 million 2021*: 209.418 million *Estimate |
Urban population as % of total population |
1960: 22% 1980: 28% 2000: 33% 2015: 39% |
Population median age | 23.4 years (2016 estimate) |
Population growth rate | 1.45% (2016 estimate) |
Life expectancy | 67.7 years (2016 estimate) |
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day | 8.6% (2013) |
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index) |
30.7 (2013) (0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality) |
Freedom House rating |
Political Rights: 4 Civil Liberties: 5 (2017) (1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating) |
Total telephone subscribers as % of population |
Fixed 1.88% Mobile 66.92% (2015) (fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers) |
Internet users as % of total population | 18% (2015) |
Language & Religon
Languages | Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Saraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashto (alternate name, Pashtu) 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8% |
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Literacy |
Total population: 57.9% Male: 69.5% Female: 45.8% (2015 est.) (15 and over can read and write) |
Religions | Muslim (official) 96.4% (Sunni 85-90%, Shia 10-15%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 3.6% (2010 est.) |
World Rankings
Population | 209.418 M |
---|---|
Mercer Cost of living index | Islamabad: 180th (2016) |
C02 Emissions per capita |
0.8 (2013) |
Global Finance Rankings & Awards: Pakistan
Global Finance Magazine holds several conferences and awards ceremonies throughout the year to recognize the winning financial institutions and companies in a host of categories including World’s Best Trade Finance Banks, World's Biggest Banks, World's Safest Banks, World's Best Developed & Emerging Markets Banks, World's Best Internet Banks, and World’s Best Investment Banks.
Data Sources:
IMF World Economic Outlook
UN World Population Prospects
World Inequality Report
S&P Global Ratings
Moody’s
Fitch Ratings
IMF Direction of Trade Statistics (DOTS)
UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
CIA The World Factbook
World Bank’s World Integrated Trade Solution
Forbes Global 2000