Countries With The Most External Debt 2021
The world's ballooning debt was already threat to the global economic growth and financial stability before Covid-19. Things have since only gotten worse.
Portugal GDP and Economic Data
Includes Portugal real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Portugal economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Portugal best banks and safest banks are also available.
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International Reserves
USD 29.46 billion (2020)
World Bank, last updated 12/16/2021
Gross Domestic Product - GDP
USD 251.71 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Source
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
USD 376.09 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Source
Real GDP growth
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 3.5% | 2.8% | 2.7% | –8.4% | 4.4% |
*Estimate
Source
GDP per capita - current prices
USD 24,457.14 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Source
GDP per capita - PPP
USD 36,542.63 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Source
GDP (PPP) - share of world total
0.26% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Source
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GDP - composition by sector
- agriculture: 2.0%
- industry: 19.2%
- services: 66.1%
(2020 estimate)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)
1.4% (2019)
Inflation
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 1.6% | 1.2% | 0.3% | –0.1% | 1.2% |
*Estimate
Source
Unemployment rate
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 9.2% | 7.2% | 6.6% | 7% | 6.9% |
*Estimate
Source
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 126.1% | 121.5% | 116.6% | 135.2% | 130.8% |
*Estimate
Source
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
| 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020* | 2021* |
| 0.7% | 2.9% | 2.9% | –3% | –2.3% |
*Estimate
Source
Government bond ratings
Standard & Poor's: BBB
Moody's: Baa2
Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)
Source
Market value of publicly traded shares
USD 61.9 billion (2018)
Largest companies
Edp-energias De Portugal, Jeronimo Martins, Galp Energia, Banco Comercial Portugues
Forbes Global 2000 (2021)
Source
Source
Current account balance
USD -4.2 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Source
Current account balance by percentage of GDP
-1.7% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
Source
Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)
37% (2020)
World Bank - World Development Indicators (updated Feb 2022)
Shares in world total merchandising export
0.35% (2020)
Shares in world total commercial services export
0.5% (2020)
Export commodities
Cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, leather footwear, paper products, tires (2019)
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Import commodities
Cars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, aircraft, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, natural gas (2019)
Exports - major partners
Spain 23%, France 13%, Germany 12%, United Kingdom 6%, United States 5% (2019)
Imports - major partners
Spain 29%, Germany 13%, France 9%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)
FDI inflows
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
| USD 7.1 billion | USD 12.1 billion | USD 6.3 billion |
FDI outflows
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
| USD 799 million | USD 3.3 billion | USD 2.3 billion |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD –2.5 billion | USD 544 million | USD –829 million | USD 1.2 billion |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014
N/A
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015
N/A
Best countries for doing business
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking: 39 out of 190 countries (2020)
Starting a Business: 63 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 60 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 52 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 35 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 119 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 61 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 43 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 1 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 38 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 15 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2020
Source
Global competitiveness ranking
34 out of 141 countries
(2019)
Index of Economic Freedom
Ranking: 31 / Score: 70.8 (Mostly Free)
The Heritage Foundation - 2022 Index of Economic Freedom
Source
Source
Languages
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
Religions
Roman Catholic 81%, other Christian 3.3%, other (includes Jewish, Muslim) 0.6%, none 6.8%, unspecified 8.3% (2011 est.)
Total population
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020 |
| 9.98 million | 10.29 million | 10.57 million | 10.36 million | 10.31 million |
Source
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Urban population as % of total population
| 1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2020 |
| 35.0% | 42.8% | 54.4% | 66.3% |
Literacy
Total population: 96.1%
Male: 97.4%
Female: 95.1% (2018)
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day
0.2% (last available estimate, 2019)
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)
32.8 (last available estimate, 2019)
(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)
Source
Freedom House rating
Total score: 95/100
Status: Free
Political Rights: 39/40
Civil Liberties: 56/60 (2022)
Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population
Fixed: 51.1%
Mobile: 116.3% (2020)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)