Unemployment Rates Around the World 2023

Unemployment Rates Around the World 2023

Unemployment is simple enough to understand: it is an economic condition in which individuals seeking jobs remain un-hired. Yet measuring how many people are unemployed at any given moment in any given country is rather complex.

 
 
Source
Central bank

Bank of Portugal

International Reserves

USD 29.46 billion (2020)
World Bank, last updated 12/16/2021

Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 251.71 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

USD 376.09 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Real GDP growth
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
3.5% 2.8% 2.7% –8.4% 4.4%

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 24,457.14 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP per capita - PPP

USD 36,542.63 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (PPP) - share of world total

0.26% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 2.0% 
  • industry: 19.2% 
  • services: 66.1%

(2020 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

1.4% (2019)

Inflation
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
1.6% 1.2% 0.3% –0.1% 1.2%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
9.2% 7.2% 6.6% 7% 6.9%

*Estimate

Household saving rates

3.5% (2020)

 

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
126.1% 121.5% 116.6% 135.2% 130.8%

*Estimate

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
0.7% 2.9% 2.9% –3% –2.3%

*Estimate

Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: BBB

Moody's: Baa2

Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)

Market value of publicly traded shares
USD 61.9 billion (2018)
Largest companies

Edp-energias De Portugal, Jeronimo Martins, Galp Energia, Banco Comercial Portugues
Forbes Global 2000 (2021)

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD -4.2 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

-1.7% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

37% (2020)
World Bank - World Development Indicators (updated Feb 2022)

Shares in world total merchandising export

0.35% (2020)

Shares in world total commercial services export

0.5% (2020)

Total exports

USD 85.2 billion (2020 estimate)

Export commodities

Cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, leather footwear, paper products, tires (2019)

Total imports

USD 89.2 billion (2020 estimate)

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Cars and vehicle parts, crude petroleum, aircraft, packaged medicines, refined petroleum, natural gas (2019)

Exports - major partners

Spain 23%, France 13%, Germany 12%, United Kingdom 6%, United States 5% (2019)

Imports - major partners

Spain 29%, Germany 13%, France 9%, Italy 5%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

FDI inflows
2019 2020 2021
USD 7.1 billion USD 12.1 billion USD 6.3 billion
FDI outflows
2019 2020 2021
USD 799 million USD 3.3 billion USD 2.3 billion
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
2015 2016 2017 2018
USD –2.5 billion USD 544 million USD –829 million USD 1.2 billion
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking: 39 out of 190 countries (2020)

Starting a Business: 63 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 60 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 52 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 35 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 119 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 61 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 43 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 1 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 38 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 15 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2020

Global competitiveness ranking

34 out of 141 countries

(2019)

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 31 / Score: 70.8 (Mostly Free)
The Heritage Foundation - 2022 Index of Economic Freedom

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC 0

Total area

92,090 sq km

Capital

Lisbon

Currency

Euros (EUR)

Government type

Semi-presidential republic

Languages

Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)

Religions

Roman Catholic 81%, other Christian 3.3%, other (includes Jewish, Muslim) 0.6%, none 6.8%, unspecified 8.3% (2011 est.)

Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020
9.98 million 10.29 million 10.57 million 10.36 million 10.31 million
 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2020
35.0% 42.8% 54.4% 66.3%
Population median age

44.6 years (2022 estimate)

Population growth rate

-0.2% (2022 estimate)

Life expectancy

81.5 years (2022 est.)

Literacy

Total population: 96.1%

Male: 97.4%

Female: 95.1% (2018)

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write 

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

0.2% (last available estimate, 2019)

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

32.8 (last available estimate, 2019)

(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)

Freedom House rating

Total score: 95/100

Status: Free

Political Rights: 39/40

Civil Liberties: 56/60 (2022)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 51.1%

Mobile: 116.3% (2020)

(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

78.3% (2020)

Mercer Cost of living index

N/A

CO2 emissions

4.8 metric tons per capita (2018)

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