Source
Central bank

Central Bank of the Russian Federation

International Reserves

USD 596.77 billion (2020)
World Bank, last updated 12/16/2021

Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 1,647.57 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

USD 4,447.48 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Real GDP growth
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
1.8% 2.8% 2% -3% 4.7%

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 11,273.24 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP per capita - PPP

USD 30,431.21 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

GDP (PPP) - share of world total

3.08% (2021 estimate)

 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 3.7% 
  • industry: 30.0% 
  • services: 56.3%

(2020 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

1.0% (2019)
OECD, retrieved January 2022

 

Inflation
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
3.7% 2.9% 4.5% 3.4% 5.9%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
5.2% 4.8% 4.6% 5.8% 4.9%

*Estimate

Household saving rates

4.3% (2019)
OECD, retrieved January 2022

 

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
14.3% 13.6% 13.8% 19.3% 17.9%

*Estimate

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2017 2018 2019 2020* 2021*
1% 3.4% 2.2% -3.8% 0%

*Estimate

Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: BBB–

Moody's: Baa3

Standard & Poor's / Moody's (Updated as of January 24th 2017)

Market value of publicly traded shares
USD 694.7 billion (2020)
Largest companies

Sberbank, Rosneft, Surgutneftegas, Gazprom, Norilsk Nickel, LukOil, Transneft, Novatek, VTB Bank, Tatneft, Novolipetsk Steel, Severstal, Rosseti, Polyus, EN+ Group International, Inter Rao, X5 Retail Group, Magnit, Moscow Exchange, Magnitogorsk Iron & Steel, Credit Bank of Moscow, Sistema, PIK Group, RusHydro

Forbes Global 2000 (2021)

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD 94.6 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

5.7% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

25.5% (2020)
World Bank - World Development Indicators (updated Feb 2022)

Shares in world total merchandising export

1.9% (2020)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

Shares in world total commercial services export

0.9% (2020)
Compiled by GFMag - Based on World Bank - World Development Indicators

Total exports

USD 379.7 billion (2020 estimate)
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)

Export commodities

Crude petroleum, refined petroleum, natural gas, coal, wheat, iron (2019)

Total imports

USD 305 billion (2020 estimate)

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Cars and vehicle parts, packaged medicines, broadcasting equipment, aircraft, computers (2019)

Exports - major partners

China 14%, Netherlands 10%, Belarus 5%, Germany 5% (2019)

Imports - major partners

China 20%, Germany 13%, Belarus 6% (2019)

FDI inflows
2019 2020 2021
USD 13.2 billion USD 32.1 billion USD 9.7 billion
FDI outflows
2019 2020 2021
USD 35.8 billion USD 22 billion USD 6.3 billion
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
2019 2020 2021
USD 1.5 billion USD –4.8 billion USD 61 million
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking: 28 out of 190 countries (2020)

Subcategories:

Starting a Business: 40 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 26 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 7 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 12 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 25 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 72 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 58 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 99 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 21 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 57 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2020

Global competitiveness ranking

100 out of 141 countries

(2019)

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 113 / Score: 56.1 (Mostly Unfree)
The Heritage Foundation - 2022 Index of Economic Freedom

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC+4 (9 time zones)

Total area

17,098,242 sq km

Capital

Moscow 

Currency

Russian rubles (RUB) 

Government type

Semi-presidential federation

Languages

Russian (official) 85.7%, Tatar 3.2%, Chechen 1%, other 10.1% (2010 est.)

Religions

Russian Orthodox 15-20%, Muslim 10-15%, other Christian 2% (2006 est.)

Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020*
148.3 million 146.3 million 142.9 million 146.5 million 146.62 million

*Estimate

 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2018
53.7% 69.8% 73.4% 74.4%
Population median age

39.8 years (2018 estimate)

Population growth rate

-0.11% (2018 estimate)

Life expectancy

71.3 years (2018 estimate)

Literacy

Total population: 99.7% 
Male: 99.7% 
Female: 99.6%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

0.3% (last available estimate, 2015)

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

37.7 (last available estimate, 2015)

(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)

Freedom House rating

Political Rights: 7
Civil Liberties: 6 (2019)                         

(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 22% (2017) Mobile: 157.4% (2018) (fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

80.86 % (2018)

Mercer Cost of living index

Moscow: 27th
St. Petersburg: 75th

(2019)

CO2 emissions

11.86 metric tons per capita (2014)

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