Source
Central bank

National Bank of Rwanda

International Reserves

USD 0.9 billion (2018)

Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 9.5 billion (2018, estimate)

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Intl$ 27.4 billion (2018, estimate)

Real GDP growth
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
7.6% 8.9% 6.0% 6.2% 8.6%

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 791.3 (2018, estimate)

GDP per capita - PPP

Intl$ 2,280.1 (2018, estimate)

GDP (PPP) - share of world total

0.02% (2019, estimate)

 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 29.0% 
  • industry: 16.2% 
  • services: 47.8%

(2016 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

N/A

 

Inflation
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
2.5% 5.7% 4.8% 1.4% 3.5%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate

N/A

Household saving rates

N/A

 

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
29.7% 32.9% 36.5% 40.7% 49.1%

*Estimate

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
-2.8% -2.3% -2.5% -2.6% -3.7%

*Estimate

Government bond ratings

Standard & Poor's: B+

Moody's: B2

Standard & Poor's / Moody's (Updated January 2017)

Market value of publicly traded shares

N/A

Largest companies

N/A

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD -1.0 billion (2017 estimate)

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

-11.9% (2017 estimate)

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

14.4% (2015)

Shares in world total merchandising export

0.004% (2015)

Shares in world total commercial services export

0.007% (2015)

Total exports

USD 674.9 million (2016 estimate)

Export commodities

Coffee, tea, hides, tin ore

Total imports

USD 2.0 billion (2016 estimate)

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, steel, petroleum products, cement and construction material

Exports - major partners

Democratic Republic of the Congo 19.8%, US 10.8%, China 10.3%, Swaziland 7.9%, Malaysia 7%, Pakistan 6.2%, Germany 5.9%, Thailand 5.5% (2015)

Imports - major partners

Uganda 15.7%, Kenya 11.8%, India 8.7%, China 8.7%, UAE 8.6%, Russia 6.6%, Tanzania 5.1% (2015)

FDI inflows
2013 2014 2015
USD 258 million USD 459 million USD 471 million
FDI outflows
2013 2014 2015
USD 13.5 million USD 1.7 million N/A
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
2012 2013 2014 2015
N/A N/A N/A USD 0.2 million
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

Best countries for doing business

Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.

Overall ranking: 56 out of 190 countries (2017)

Subcategories:

Starting a business: 76 out of 190 countries

Enforcing Contracts: 95 out of 190 countries

Registering Property: 4 out of 190 countries

Getting Credit: 2 out of 190 countries

Protecting Minority Investors: 102 out of 190 countries

Trading Across Borders: 87 out of 190 countries

Paying Taxes: 59 out of 190 countries

Dealing with Construction Permits: 158 out of 190 countries

Getting Electricity: 117 out of 190 countries

Resolving Insolvency: 73 out of 190 countries

Global competitiveness ranking

52 out of 138 countries

(2016-2017)

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 71 / Score: 63.07 (Moderately free) (2016)

(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC+2

Total area

26,338 sq km

Capital

Kigali

Currency

Rwandan francs (RWF)

Government type

Presidential republic

Languages

Kinyarwanda (official, universal Bantu vernacular) 93.2%, French (official) <.1, English (official) <.1, Swahili/Kiswahili (official, used in commercial centers) <.1, more than one language, other 6.3%, unspecified 0.3% (2002 est.)

Religions

Protestant 49.5% (includes Adventist 11.8% and other Protestant 37.7%), Roman Catholic 43.7%, Muslim 2%, other 0.9% (includes Jehovah's Witness), none 2.5%, unspecified 1.3%(2012 est.)

Total population
1990 2000 2010 2015 2020*
6.45 million 7.5 million 10.0 million 11.26 million 12.67 million

*Estimate

 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2018
2.6% 4.7% 14.9% 17.2%
Population median age

19.2 years (2019 estimate)

Population growth rate

2.3% (2018 estimate)

Life expectancy

64.5 years (2018 estimate)

Literacy

Total population: 70.5% 
Male: 73.2% 
Female: 68%
Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.)

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

79.7% (last available estimate, 2016)

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

43.7 (last available estimate, 2016)

(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)

Freedom House rating

Political Rights: 6
Civil Liberties: 6 (2019)                         

(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed: 0.1% Mobile: 78.9% (2018)

(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

21.77 % (2017)

Mercer Cost of living index

Kigali: 175th (2019)

CO2 emissions

0.08 metric tons per capita (2014)

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