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The Netherlands GDP and Economic Data
Includes The Netherlands real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, with latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition and breakdown by sector.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about The Netherlands economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Dutch best banks and safest banks are also available.
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International Reserves
USD 38.5 billion (2018)
International Monetary Fund (IMF), data retrieved October 2019
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
Intl$ 969.2 billion (2018, estimate)
Source
Real GDP growth
| 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
| 3.8% | 2.2% | -3.7% | 1.3% | 1.6% | -1% | -0.1% |
| 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | ||
| 1.4% | 2% | 2.2% | 2.9% | 2.5% |
*Estimate
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GDP (PPP) - share of world total
| 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2019* |
| 1.29% | 1.19% | 1.08% | 0.85% | 0.71% |
*Estimate
Source
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GDP - composition by sector
- agriculture: 1.6%
- industry: 17.5%
- services: 70.3%
(2018 estimate)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)
2% (2017)
OECD, data retrieved October 2019
Inflation
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 0.2% | 0.1% | 1.3% | 1.6% | 2.5% |
*Estimate
Source
Unemployment rate
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 6.9% | 6% | 4.9% | 3.8% | 3.3% |
*Estimate
Source
Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| 64.6% | 61.9% | 56.9% | 52.4% | 49.2% |
*Estimate
Source
Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018* | 2019* |
| -2% | 0% | 1.3% | 1.5% | 1.2% |
*Estimate
Source
Government bond ratings
Standard & Poor's: AAA
Moody's: Aaa
Standard & Poor's / Moody's
Source
Market value of publicly traded shares
| 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
| USD 805.7 billion | USD 1,100.1 billion | N/A |
Largest companies
Altice Europe, Wolters Kluwer, X5 Retail Group, Yandex NV, KPN, Adyen, VEON, Royal Dutch Shell, ING Group, AIRBUS, Unilever, EXOR, Royal Ahold Delhaize N.V., Heineken, NN Group, ASML Holding, Philips, Aegon, NXP Semiconductors, Unibail-Rodamco, Akzo Nobel, DSM, Steinhoff International, Randstad Holding, Asr Nederland
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Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)
82.5% (2015)
Shares in world total merchandising export
3.4% (2015)
Shares in world total commercial services export
3.7% (2015)
Export commodities
Machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels; foodstuffs
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Import commodities
Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs, clothing
Exports - major partners
Germany 24.5%, Belgium 11.1%, UK 9.3%, France 8.4%, Italy 4.2% (2015)
Imports - major partners
Germany 14.7%, China 14.5%, Belgium 8.2%, US 8.1%, UK 5.1% (2015)
FDI inflows
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| USD 51,375 million | USD 52,198 million | USD 72,649 million |
FDI outflows
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| USD 69,974 million | USD 55,966 million | USD 113,429 million |
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser
| 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| USD -1091.8 million | USD -3142.1 million | USD -1340.0 million | USD 20274.8 million |
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014
AerCap Holdings NV, International Lease Finance Corp, United States, USD 5.4 billion / Royal Dutch Shell PLC, Repsol SA-Liquefied Natural Gas Business, Peru, USD 4.6 billion / PPF Group NV, Telefonica Czech Republic as, Czech Republic, USD 3.3 billion
Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015
Genesis International Holdings NV, Steinhoff International Holdings Ltd, South Africa, USD 20.4 billion / DE Master Blenders 1753 BV-Coffee Business, Mondelez International Inc-Coffee Business, Netherlands, USD 4.2 billion
Best countries for doing business World Bank/IFC Doing Business Project
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking: 28 out of 190 countries (2017)
Subcategories:
Starting a business: 22 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 71 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 29 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 82 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 70 out of 190 countries
Trading Across Borders: 1 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 20 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 87 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 45 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 11 out of 190 countries
Source
Global competitiveness ranking
4 out of 138 countries
(2016-2017)
Index of Economic Freedom
Ranking: 16 / Score: 74.55 (Mostly free) (2016)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
Source
Source
Government type
Parliamentary constitutional monarchy; part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Religions
Roman Catholic 23.6%, Protestant 14.9% (includes Dutch Reformed 6.4%, Protestant Church of The Netherlands 5.6%, Calvinist 2.9%), Muslim 5.1%, other 5.6% (includes Hindu, Buddhist, Jewish), none 50.7% (2017 est.)
Total population
| 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020* |
| 14.89 million | 15.86 million | 16.58 million | 16.9 million | 17.28 million |
*Estimate
Source
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Urban population as % of total population
| 1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2018 |
| 59.8% | 64.7% | 76.8% | 91.5% |
% of population living on less than $3.10 a day
0.2% (last available estimate, 2015)
Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)
28.2 (last available estimate, 2015)
(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)
Source
Freedom House rating
Free
Political Rights: 1
Civil Liberties: 1 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population
Fixed: 34.6%
Mobile: 0%
(2018)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)