
Decentralized Social Media Finds A Foothold
Companies may face too many options for brand messaging.
Browse additional economic indicators and data sets, selected by Global Finance editors, to learn more about Turkey economic outlook, debt to GDP ratio, international trade performance and population trends. Rankings of Turkey best banks and safest banks are also available.
Gaye Erkan, a Turkish-US citizen, was an unexpected choice with no central bank experience and is already bucking Erdoğanomics.
USD 93.51 billion (2020)
World Bank, last updated 12/16/2021
USD 795.95 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
USD 2,873.84 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021* |
7.5% | 3% | 0.9% | 1.8% | 9% |
*Estimate
USD 9,406.58 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
USD 33,963.10 (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
1.99% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
(2020 estimate)
1.1% (2019)
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021* |
11.1% | 16.3% | 15.2% | 12.3% | 17% |
*Estimate
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021* |
10.9% | 10.9% | 13.7% | 13.1% | 12.2% |
*Estimate
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021* |
28% | 30.2% | 32.7% | 39.8% | 37.8% |
*Estimate
2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021* |
–0.9% | –2.2% | –3.6% | –3.4% | –2.4% |
*Estimate
Standard & Poor's: B+
Moody's: B2
Standard & Poor's / Moody's (January 2022)
USD 237.5 billion (2020)
World Bank / Market capitalization
Koç Holding, Isbank, VakifBank, Garanti Bank, Sabanci Holding, Halkbank, Akbank, Ford Otosan, Turkish Airlines
Forbes Global 2000 (2021)
USD -19.2 billion (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
-2.4% (2021 estimate)
IMF - World Economic Outlook, October 2021
28.7% (2020)
World Bank - World Development Indicators (updated Feb 2022)
0.96% (2020)
0.7% (2020)
Cars and vehicle parts, refined petroleum, delivery trucks, jewelry, clothing and apparel (2019)
Gold, refined petroleum, crude petroleum, vehicle parts, scrap iron (2019)
Germany 9%, United Kingdom 6%, Iraq 5%, Italy 5%, United States 5% (2019)
Germany 11%, China 9%, Russia 9%, United States 5%, Italy 5% (2019)
2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
USD 12.8 billion | USD 9.3 billion | USD 7.8 billion |
2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
USD 3.6 billion | USD 3.0 billion | USD 3.2 billion |
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2020 |
USD –164 million | USD –736 million | USD –726 million | USD -13 million |
N/A
(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )
N/A
(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )
Economies are ranked on their ease of doing business. A high ease of doing business ranking means the regulatory environment is more conducive to the starting and operation of a local firm.
Overall ranking: 33 out of 190 countries (2020)
Subcategories:
Starting a Business: 77 out of 190 countries
Dealing with Construction Permits: 53 out of 190 countries
Getting Electricity: 41 out of 190 countries
Registering Property: 27 out of 190 countries
Getting Credit: 37 out of 190 countries
Protecting Minority Investors: 21 out of 190 countries
Paying Taxes: 26 out of 190 countries
Trading across Borders: 44 out of 190 countries
Enforcing Contracts: 24 out of 190 countries
Resolving Insolvency: 120 out of 190 countries
World Bank - Doing Business 2020
115 out of 141 countries
(2019)
Ranking: 107 / Score: 56.9 (Mostly Unfree)
(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)
Turkish (official), Kurdish, other minority languages
Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews)
1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020 |
53.9 million | 63.2 million | 72.3 million | 78.5 million | 84.3 million |
*Estimate
1960 | 1980 | 2000 | 2020 |
31.5% | 43.8% | 64.7% | 76.1% |
Total population: 96.2%
Male: 98.8%
Female: 93.6% (2016 est.)
(age 15 and over can read and write)
1.8% (2016)
41.9 (2016)
(0=perfect equality, 100=absolute inequality)
Political Rights: 5
Civil Liberties: 6 (2019)
(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)
Fixed 14.1% Mobile 97.3% (2018)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)