Source
Central bank

Central Bank of Turkmenistan

International Reserves

N/A

Gross Domestic Product - GDP

USD 44.1 billion (2018, estimate)

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

Intl$ 112.7 billion (2018, estimate)

Real GDP growth
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
10.3% 6.5% 6.2% 6.5% 6.2%

*Estimate

GDP per capita - current prices

USD 7,645.9 (2018, estimate)

GDP per capita - PPP

Intl$ 19,527.2 (2018, estimate)

GDP (PPP) - share of world total

0.09% (2019, estimate)

 
 
Source
GDP - composition by sector
  • agriculture: 7.5% 
  • industry: 44.9% 
  • services: 47.7%

(2016 estimate)

Gross domestic expenditure on R&D; (% of GDP)

N/A

 

Inflation
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
7.4% 3.6% 8% 13.2% 13.4%

*Estimate

Unemployment rate

N/A

Household saving rates

N/A

Public debt (General government gross debt as a % of GDP)
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
21.8% 24.1% 28.8% 29.1% 30.3%

* Estimated

Public deficit (General government net lending/borrowing as a % of GDP)
2014 2015 2016 2017* 2018*
-0.7% -2.4% -2.8% -0.2% -0.1%

 

Government bond ratings

N/A

Market value of publicly traded shares

N/A

Largest companies

N/A

 
 
Source
Current account balance

USD 2.3 billion (2018 estimate)

Current account balance by percentage of GDP

5.7% (2018 estimate)

Exports as percent of GDP (Exports of goods and services)

22.7% (2018)

Shares in world total merchandising export

0.05% (2018)

 

Shares in world total commercial services export

N/A

Total exports

N/A

Export commodities

Gas, crude oil, petrochemicals, textiles, cotton fiber

Total imports

N/A

 
 
Source
Import commodities

Machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs

Exports - major partners

China 83.7%, Turkey 5.1% (2017)

Imports - major partners

Turkey 24.2%, Algeria 14.4%, Germany 9.8%, China 8.9%, Russia 8%, US 6.6% (2017)

FDI inflows
2016 2017 2018
USD 2,243 million USD 2,086 million USD 1.985 million
Value of cross-border M&A, by country of purchaser

N/A

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2014

N/A

(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )

Cross-border M&A deals worth over $3 billion completed in 2015

N/A

(for a monthly update on M&A; click here )

Best countries for doing business

N/A

Global competitiveness ranking

N/A

Index of Economic Freedom

Ranking: 164 / Score: 48.4 (Repressed) (2016)

(100=totally free 0=totally repressed)

 
 
Source
Time zone

UTC+5

Total area

488,100 sq km

Capital

Ashgabat (Ashkhabad)

Currency

Turkmen manat (TMM)

Government type

Presidential republic; highly authoritarian

Languages

Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%

Religions

Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%

Total population
1990 2000 2010* 2016* 2021*
N/A 4.53 million 5.09 million 5.57 million 6.03 million

*Estimate 

 
 
Source
Urban population as % of total population
1960 1980 2000 2018
46.4% 47.1% 45.9% 51.6%
Population median age

28.3 years (2018 estimate)

Population growth rate

1.1% (2018 estimate)

Life expectancy

70.7 years (2018 estimate)

Literacy

Total population: 99.7%
Male: 99.8%
Female: 99.6% (2015 est.)

(age 15 and over can read and write)

% of population living on less than $3.10 a day

N/A

Inequality of wealth distribution (Gini index)

N/A
 

Freedom House rating

Political Rights: 7
Civil Liberties: 7 (2019)                         

(1 represents the most free, 7 the least free rating)

Source
Total telephone subscribers as % of population

Fixed 11.8%   Mobile 162.9% (2017)
(fixed-telephone subscribers and mobile-cellular subscribers)

Internet users as % of total population

21.25% (2017)

Mercer Cost of living index

Ashkhabad: 7th (2019)

CO2 emissions

12.52 (2014)